Who is at risk of osteoporosis?
Children with certain Chronic Illnesses
Chronic illness | Associated risk factors |
|---|---|
| Juvenile idiopathic arthritis Connective tissue diseases | Chronic inflammation, glucocorticoids and other medications, immobilization |
| Neuromuscular disorders | Immobilization, decreased muscle mass and muscle strength |
| Inflammatory bowel diseases Celiac disease, Cystic fibrosis | Glucocorticoids, chronic inflammation, malabsorption |
| Eating disorders | Malnutrition, low calcium and vitamin D intake, hypogonadism |
| Solid organ transplantation | Glucocorticoids and other immunosuppressive medication |
| Leukemia Bone marrow transplantation | Medications, radiation therapy, low physical activity, endocrine late effects |
| Endocrine disorders | Hypogonadism, growth hormone deficiency, glucocorticoid excess |
Children with recurrent fractures (>4)